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- <text id=91TT1793>
- <title>
- Aug. 12, 1991: Last of the Great Tinkerers
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Aug. 12, 1991 Busybodies & Crybabies
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- SCIENCE, Page 55
- Last of the Great Tinkerers
- </hdr><body>
- <p> The idea that would revolutionize biology flashed into the
- mind of a hippie-holdout biochemist during a midnight drive in
- 1983. While winding through the mountains of Northern California,
- Kary Mullis envisioned a way of easily copying a single fragment
- of DNA in a chain reaction that so surprised him, he pulled his
- Honda Civic off the road to admire the view in his mind's eye.
- </p>
- <p> Mullis instantly recognized he had solved a problem that
- had fettered genetic research for decades: the fact that DNA
- samples are often too meager to work with. He turned to his
- girlfriend, also a biochemist, to explain his idea. "I thought
- this was a really cool invention that would make me famous," he
- recalls, "but she wasn't terribly thrilled about it."
- </p>
- <p> She was wrong. The polymerase chain reaction has
- revolutionized biology and made Mullis famous, though it has not
- altered his oddball life. A scientific cross pollinator, Mullis,
- 46, may be the last of the great tinkerers. His passions include
- cosmology, mathematics, artificial intelligence, virology,
- chemistry, hallucinogenics, photography and women who are 10,000
- days old. At that age, about 28, "they're like a ripe avocado,"
- says the thrice-married inventor.
- </p>
- <p> Other scientists call Mullis a genius, but he offers a
- more modest explanation for his endless creativity: a fervent
- desire to avoid drudgery and have more time to play. As a boy
- in South Carolina, he transformed parts from the family washing
- machine into an automatic door opener so that he could let the
- dog out each morning without leaving his bed. As an adult, he
- invented a system to dim lights simply by thinking erotic
- thoughts. Even PCR was an attempt to devise a less laborious way
- of copying DNA than the method used by living cells. "When I saw
- how nature does it, I thought, `That's totally crazy.'" he
- says.
- </p>
- <p> For his great invention, Mullis got nothing more than a
- one-time $10,000 bonus from his former employer, Cetus. Today
- he works and lives out of rented rooms on a beach near San
- Diego. A consultant for biotech firms, he lectures and plays as
- much as he can. His latest game: photographing women wearing
- nothing but multicolored patterns of light. His ideas continue
- to bubble forth like an uncontrolled chemical reaction. He
- believes the AIDS virus alone cannot account for the epidemic.
- He wants to create a computer program that will trick the senses
- into believing they've landed in an amusement park as real as
- Disneyland. "Much of what Kary says is nonsense," says a friend.
- But sometimes what he says is so stunning that it may earn him
- a Nobel Prize.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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